Swaziland, as a fulfilment to her commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, periodically submits National Communications to the UNFCCC Secretariat. The Convention has prepared guidelines for the preparation of these communications. The main elements are national circumstances, greenhouse gas inventories and measures to address climate change (vulnerability assessments and adaptation measures, mitigation measures, public awareness raising and training, capacity building, and institutional arrangements). The Convention also has a financial mechanism, whose entity is the Global Environment Facility (GEF), through which funds for the preparation of these communication are made available.

Swaziland has successfully prepares her first national communication, which was submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat in May 2002.